All 11 vocabulary words from Lesson 12 of Henle Latin Second Year, with English meanings, parts of speech, and forms.
| Latin | English | Part of speech | Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| apud, prep. w. acc. | among / in the presence of | preposition | with accusative |
| certiōrem (-ēs) faciō, facere, fēcī, factus, 3, tr.; acc. w. infin.; dē w. abl. | inform (lit., make (someone) more certain) | phrase | accusative with infinitive; dē with ablative |
| certus, a, um | certain / fixed | adjective | first/second declension |
| cohortor, 1, tr. | encourage | verb | deponent; first conjugation |
| dubius, a, um | doubtful / uncertain | adjective | first/second declension |
| nihil (short form: nil), n., indecl. noun | nothing | noun | neuter · indeclinable |
| nihil, adv. | not / not at all | adverb | — |
| prōgredior, prōgredī, prōgressus sum, 3, intr. | go forward / advance / proceed | verb | deponent; third conjugation |
| quam, adv. | than | adverb | — |
| sub, prep. w. abl. | under / at the foot of | preposition | with ablative |
| sub, prep. w. acc. | under / beneath / up to / about / toward (of time) | preposition | with accusative |
This lesson contains 3 prepositions, 2 adjectives, 2 verbs, 2 adverbs, 1 phrase and 1 noun.
Certus and dubius make a useful starting contrast: certainty against doubt. The expression certiōrem faciō builds on the idea of making someone more certain, but its natural meaning is inform. Quam provides than for comparison, matching the week's broader work on adjective degrees. Meanwhile nihil appears twice because nothing can function as a noun and not at all can function adverbially. Sub also has two entries, one with the ablative and another with the accusative; the case helps distinguish location from motion or other uses. Challenge II week 11 compares positive, comparative and superlative adjectives. Before the next list, identify which job nihil is doing, preserve the difference between the two sub constructions, and recognise certiōrem faciō as an expression. Let the different entries guide your reading rather than treating repeated spellings as accidental duplicates to ignore.
Forms in this lesson: prepositions taking the accusative (2), 1st/2nd-declension adjectives (2), deponent verbs (2), prepositions taking the ablative (1).
In the Classical Conversations schedule, this lesson's vocabulary is assigned in Challenge II, week 11.
One entry is the indeclinable noun nothing; the other is an adverb meaning not or not at all. The word's job changes with context.
No. The page also lists accusative uses. Learn the case and meaning together rather than assigning one case to every occurrence.
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