All 5 vocabulary words from Lesson 14 of Henle Latin First Year, with English meanings, parts of speech, and forms.
| Latin | English | Part of speech | Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ā (ab) | from; away from | preposition | with ablative |
| longē | far; by far | adverb | — |
| sum, esse, fuī, futūrus | be; exist | verb | irregular verb |
| tēlum, ī | dart; weapon | noun | neuter · 2nd declension |
| undique | from all sides; on all sides | adverb | — |
This lesson contains 2 adverbs, 1 preposition, 1 verb and 1 noun.
Sum is small enough to recognise immediately and irregular enough to deserve deliberate practice. Its entry links sum, esse, fuī and futūrus; those forms do not share one obvious-looking stem. Earlier lists have already included erat and erant, so connect this headword with the being forms you have met. The rest of the page gives spatial anchors: ā or ab marks separation with the ablative, longē describes distance, and undique points in from every direction. A single tēlum can be pictured approaching from one side, then many from all sides, without turning the adverb into a noun. Challenge A week 27 and B week 14 prepare for the perfect system; I reviews these words in week 6 translation work. Before Lesson 15, recognise the principal parts of sum and distinguish a preposition that requires a case from an adverb that does not decline.
Forms in this lesson: prepositions taking the ablative (1), irregular verbs (1), 2nd-declension nouns (1).
In the Classical Conversations schedule, this lesson's vocabulary is assigned in Challenge A, week 27, Challenge B, week 14 and Challenge I, week 6.
Sum is irregular. Its principal parts connect different stems within one verb; learn them together rather than trying to derive every form from sum.
No. They are adverbs. Unlike ā or ab, they do not introduce a noun in a required case.
Drill this lesson in Amplio with spaced repetition, audio, and quizzes. Start free with Year 1 lessons 1–10, then unlock all four years.
Start free