All 15 vocabulary words from Lesson 12 of Henle Latin First Year, with English meanings, parts of speech, and forms.
| Latin | English | Part of speech | Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| agō, agere, ēgī, āctus | drive; do; act; treat | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| contendō, contendere, contendī | strive; contend; hasten | verb | 3rd conjugation present (no 4th principal part) |
| dē (prep. w. abl.) | concerning; about | preposition | with ablative |
| dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus | defend | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus | lead; guide | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| fortiter | bravely; strongly | adverb | — |
| gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus | carry; carry on; wage (w. bellum) | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| ibi | there | adverb | — |
| īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus | draw up; equip | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| litterae, litterārum | letter (i.e., an epistle); dispatch | noun | feminine · 1st declension (plural) |
| mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus | send | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus | drive; repulse; rout | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| petō, petere, petīvī, petītus | seek; beg; request | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positus | put; place; set; pitch (w. castra) | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
| vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus | conquer | verb | 3rd conjugation present |
This lesson contains 11 verbs, 2 adverbs, 1 preposition and 1 noun.
The third conjugation brings a collection of actions that can sound similar in English while behaving differently in Latin. Agō is broad; gerō can describe carrying on a war; mittō sends something away. Learn the whole entry before choosing one convenient gloss for every passage. Several perfect stems are strikingly different from the present: dūcō has dūxī, and pellō has pepulī. These changes are worth a separate oral check. Litterae is grammatically plural but can mean one letter or dispatch, continuing the earlier lesson about number and meaning. Challenge A weeks 24–25 compare third-conjugation tenses and prepare for the fourth conjugation. B reaches this point in week 13; I studies the list in week 5. Before continuing, recognise a third-conjugation infinitive and connect at least the less predictable principal parts to their headwords rather than treating them as unrelated vocabulary.
Forms in this lesson: 3rd-conjugation verbs (11), prepositions taking the ablative (1), 1st-declension nouns (1).
In the Classical Conversations schedule, this lesson's vocabulary is assigned in Challenge A, weeks 24 and 25, Challenge B, week 13 and Challenge I, week 5.
Dūxī supplies the perfect stem. Recognising only dūcō will not reliably help when a passage uses a perfect-system form.
Yes. In the correspondence sense listed here, a grammatically plural Latin word can refer to a single letter or dispatch.
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