All 5 vocabulary words from Lesson 38 of Henle Latin First Year, with English meanings, parts of speech, and forms.
| Latin | English | Part of speech | Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| mare, maris | sea | noun | neuter · 3rd declension |
| nāvigō, nāvigāre, nāvigāvī, nāvigātus | sail | verb | 1st conjugation; intransitive |
| noceō, nocēre, nocuī, nocitūrus | do harm to; injure | verb | 2nd conjugation; intransitive; with dative |
| praesum, praeesse, praefuī, praefutūrus | am in command of; am in charge of | verb | irregular; intransitive; with dative |
| ventus, ī | wind | noun | masculine · 2nd declension |
This lesson contains 3 verbs and 2 nouns.
A sea, a wind and the act of sailing form an immediate picture through mare, ventus and nāvigō. The other two verbs demand a grammatical pause. Noceō means do harm to, and praesum means be in command of; both take the dative in the constructions recorded here. English injure might tempt you to look automatically for an accusative object, but the Latin entry tells a different story. Praesum is related to the irregular verb sum, as its principal parts show. Challenge I assigns this small list in week 24 alongside larger verb lists, with seminar time devoted to translation questions. Use its size to practise recognising the case relationship rather than merely recalling five meanings. Before the next lesson, distinguish the final -e of mare from its actual neuter gender, and retain the dative with both noceō and praesum.
Forms in this lesson: 3rd-declension nouns (1), 1st-conjugation verbs (1), 2nd-conjugation verbs (1), irregular verbs (1), 2nd-declension nouns (1).
In the Classical Conversations schedule, this lesson's vocabulary is assigned in Challenge I, week 24.
Latin and English constructions do not always match. Noceō is listed as intransitive with the dative for the person or thing harmed.
Mare, maris is neuter and third declension. Its final -e is not a sign of feminine gender.
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